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:''This is an article about martial arts styles attributed to Zhou Tong. To read his main article, go to Zhou Tong (archer).'' Various martial arts have been attributed to or associated with Zhou Tong, the archery teacher of Song Dynasty general, Yue Fei. This is because assorted wuxia novels and folk legends portray him as being either a Shaolin monk or a lay disciple of Shaolin. Some of these skills range from mastery of the bow, double swords and Chinese spear to that of Wudang hard qigong, Chuojiao boxing and even magical X-ray eyes. However, the oldest historical record that mentions his name only says he taught archery to Yue Fei. Nothing is ever said about him knowing or teaching a specific style of Chinese martial arts.〔 Zhou Tong can also be linked to these combat arts through his historical and folklore students. Practitioners of Eagle Claw, Chuojiao and Xingyi commonly include him within their lineage history because of his association with Yue Fei, the supposed progenitor of these styles. He is also linked to Northern Praying Mantis boxing through his fictional students, the Water Margin bandits Lin Chong and Yan Qing, the adopted son of Lu Junyi. One modern day folktale even represents him as a master of Drunken Eight Immortals boxing.〔 According to a ''Yangzhou Pinghua'' (扬州评话 – “Yangzhou storytelling”) folktale called ''Meeting Zhou Tong by Chance'',
== Military == Yang Jwing Ming, author of ''Analysis of Shaolin Chin Na: instructor's Manual for all Martial Styles'', states Zhou Tong taught Yue Fei "a complete system involving barehand combat, weapons, military tactics, horsemenship, archery, and other related subjects."〔Yang, Jwing-Ming. Dr. ''Analysis of Shaolin Chin Na: instructor's Manual for all Martial Styles''. Massachusetts: Yang's Martial Arts Association (YMAA), 1987 (ISBN 978-0-940871-04-5)〕 The historical ''Yue Fei Biography'' states, “家貧力學，尤好【左氏春秋】、孫吳兵法。"〔History of Song - Biography of Yue Fei () (ISBN ?) (See also, (岳飞子云 ) (Chinese only))〕 "''Despite his family's poverty, (Fei ) was studious, and particularly favored the Zuo Zhuan edition of the Spring and Autumn Annals and the strategies of Sun Tzu and Wu Qi.''" A 1930s Xingyi manual, which details a Yue biography that appears to be a variation of the semi-historical ''Biography of Song Yue, Prince of E'', Prince of E, says the “military leader Zhou Tong” taught Yue the “deployment of troops”.〔Jin, Yunting. ''The Xingyi Boxing Manual: Hebei Style's Five Principles and Seven Words''. Trans. John Groschwitz. North Atlantic Books; New edition, 2004 (ISBN 978-1-55643-473-0)〕 Sinologist Hellmut Wilhelm theorized that Yue Fei purposely patterned his life after famous Chinese heroes from dynasties past. Apart from studying literature under his father, ''Yue Huo'' (, d. late 1122), Yue loved to read military classics. Although his literacy afforded him the chance to become a scholar, which was a position held in much higher regard than the common soldiery during the Song, Yue chose the military path because there had never been any tradition of civil service in his family. Therefore, he had no reason to study the Confucian classics in order to surpass the accomplishments of his ancestors or to raise his family’s social status to the next level. His fourth-generation ancestor, ''Yue Huan'' (), had served as a functionary on the lowest rung of the government ladder, but he was never a full-fledged member of the civil service rank.〔Hammond, Kenneth James. ''The Human Tradition in Premodern China.'' Human tradition around the world, no. 4. Wilmington, Del: Scholarly Resources, 2002. (ISBN 978-0-8420-2959-9)〕 The paper goes on to say the Yue learned "archery, swordsmanship, and lanceplay" from Zhou Tong.〔Wright, Arthur F., and Denis Crispin Twitchett. ''Confucian Personalities''. Stanford studies in the civilizations of eastern Asia. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1962 (ISBN 978-0-8047-0044-3)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Martial arts of Zhou Tong」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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